Generation of polarization and phase singular beams in fibers and fiber lasers

Cylindrical vector beams and vortex beams, two types of typical singular optical characterized by axially symmetric polarization helical phase front, possess the unique focusing property ability carrying orbital angular momentum. We discuss formation mechanisms such in few-mode fibers under basis show recent advances generating techniques that are mainly based on long-period fiber gratings, mode-selective couplers, offset-spliced fibers, tapered fibers. The performances cylindrical generated lasers summarized compared to give a comprehensive understanding promote their practical applications.